Olde Occupations
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Back Washer employed to clean the wool in the worsted manufacturing industry
Backmaker made "backs", vats, tubs, a Cooper
Backmann baker
Backster baker
Back'us Boy kitchen servant
Badger licensed pauper; corn miller or dealer; itinerant food trader
Badgy Fiddler boy trumpeter in the military
Bagman traveling salesman
Bagniokeeper in charge of a bath house or brothel
Bailie bailiff
Bailiff officer of the sheriff; land steward acting on behalf of the Landowner or Landlord; (Scottish) a magistrate of the burgh; looked after the fishing rights on certain rivers
Bailiff someone employed by a Court to seize the property of debtors
Baillee officer of the sheriff; land steward acting on behalf of the Landowner or Landlord; (Scottish) a magistrate of the burgh; looked after the fishing rights on certain rivers
Baillie officer of the sheriff; land steward acting on behalf of the Landowner or Landlord; (Scottish) a magistrate of the burgh; looked after the fishing rights on certain rivers
Bairman pauper or beggar
Bal Maiden female mine worker who worked on the surface
Baler bales hay; in the mills bailed wool or cotton goods; archer most commonly a crossbowman
Ballard Master in charge of loading the ballast into the hold of empty ships
Ballast Heaver loaded ballast into the hold of empty ships
Baller or Baller Up assisted the potter by measuring out the balls of clay; iron industry worker
Band Filer metal worker in the gun making industry
Bandster bound the wheat sheaves after harvest
Bang Beggar officer of the parish who controlled the length of stay of any stranger to the parish
Banker dug trenches and ditches placing the surplus earth in banks around the edge
Banksman mining industry - in charge of the cages at the pit head (aka bank manager); gives instruction or assistance to driver; overseer at a mine pit
Bar Cutter worked in the tinplate  manufacturing industry
Barber barber/surgeon
Barber Surgeon barber/surgeon
Bard poet or minstrel
Bareman pauper or beggar
Bareman beggar or pauper
Barge Mate naval officer
Bargee worked on or owned and operated a barge
Bargeman worked on or owned and operated a barge
Barilla Manufacturer made barilla
Barkeeper toll keeper
Barker tanner
Bartoner in charge of the monastic farm, aka barton
Basil Worker worked with sheep and goat skins
Basketman made baskets and furniture from wicker; person employed to empty the basket of coal being offloaded from the colliers into the barges
Bass employed in dressing fiber or matting
Bast Dresser employed in dressing fiber or matting
Bathing Machine Proprietor owned and hired the changing huts used at the seaside in the by bathers
Batman officers servant in the army
Batt Maker made the wadding used in quilt and mattress making
Battledore Maker made the beaters used on clothes carpets etc to remove the dust (later made the paddles used in washing machines)
Battre Out sliced a short cylinder of clay (a bat) from a "pug" and threw it onto a mold shaped for the face of a ceramic plate
Bauer farmer
Baxter baker
Baxter baker
Bayweaver wove bay (a fine woollen fabric also known as baize)
Bead Piercer employed to drill the holes in beads
Beadle officer of the parish whose principle duty was to keep order, also was the town crier
Beadman employed to pray for his employer, inhabitant of an almshouse / poorhouse / hospital or tenant employed by the manor for a specific service
Beadsman employed to pray for his employer, inhabitant of an almshouse / poorhouse / hospital or tenant employed by the manor for a specific service
Beamer winds the warp on the roller before putting it on the loom in the textile industry
Bearer worked underground carrying the coal to the bottom of the pit shaft and placed it in the containers for uplifting to the surface
Beater cleansed and thickened the cloth by treading it underwater with fullers earth (aka Fuller)
Beaver made felt used in hat making
Beck baker
Becker baker
Bedel officer of the parish whose principle duty was to keep order, also was the town crier
Bedell officer of the parish whose principle duty was to keep order, also was the town crier
Bedesman employed to pray for his employer, inhabitant of an almshouse / poorhouse / hospital or tenant employed by the manor for a specific service
Bedman sexton
Bedral (Scottish) a minor church official
Bedwevere made the webbing for bed frames; wove quilts
Beeskepmaker made beehives
Beetler operated a beetling machine, used in the textile trade for embossing fabric
Behinder part of Tin Plate Works - caught the sheets behind the doublers and passed them back to the rollerman over the top roll
Belhoste tavern keeper
Bell Hanger installed bells in churches
Belleyetere bellfounder
Bellfounder made bells
Bellman watchman or town crier; worked for the post office and collected letters for the mail coach by walking the streets and ringing a bell
Bellowfarmer responsible for the care and maintenance of the church organ
Bellows Maker made bellows used for organs or blacksmiths fires
Belly Builder built and fitted the interiors of pianos
Belter made bells
Bender cut leather
Besom Maker made brooms
Besswarden appointed by the parish to look after its animals
Bever beverage maker
Biddy female servant usually of Irish stock
Bill Poster put up notices, signs and advertisements
Billier operated a Billy Roller, a machine used in the cotton industry to prepare the cotton for spinning
Billiter made bells
Billyman operated a Billy Roller, a machine used in the cotton industry to prepare the cotton for spinning
Binder bound items, e.g., books, hats etc .
Bird Boy scared away birds from crops
Bird Catcher caught birds for selling
Birds Nest Seller sold bird nests collected from the wild complete with eggs which were then hatched by domestic birds and sold as pets
Birlyman (Scottish) a ground officer or parish arbiter
Black Borderer made black edged stationery for funerals
Black Tray Maker made Japanned trays
Blacking Maker made polish for shoes
Blacksmith shoes horses
Bladesmith sword maker or knife maker
Blaxter bleached cloth or paper pulp
Bleacher bleached cloth or paper pulp
Blemmere plumber
Blentonist water diviner
Blindsman employed by the Post Office to deal with incorrectly addressed letters and parcels
Block Maker engraved the blocks used in the printing
Block Printer printer who used wooden blocks for printing
Blockcutter made wooden blocks used in the hat trade; laid down the blocks on which a ships keel was laid; made and cut the patterns into wooden blocks for textile printing
Blocker made wooden blocks used in the hat trade; laid down the blocks on which a ships keel was laid; made and cut the patterns into wooden blocks for textile printing
Blocklayer locks wheels of cinder wagons before they are tipped at cinder tip of blast furnace;  fixes small blocks or wooden keys for tightening rails on tramways in coal mine;: lays surface tramways and roadways
Blockmaker crafted pulleys
Bloodletter used leeches for letting blood
Bloodman used leeches for letting blood
Bloomer produced iron from ore, a bloom smithy
Blower glass blower; operated a "blowing machine" used to clean and separate fibers in the textile trade; operated the bellows at a blacksmiths
Blowfeeder fed the fibers into a "blowing machine"
Bluestocking female writer
Bluffer innkeeper or landlord of a pub
Boarding Officer inspected ships before entering port
Boardman truant officer; tenant of manorial land who paid rent by maintaining the manor's table
Boardwright made tables and chairs; aka carpenter
Boatman worked on a boat, predominately on rivers and canals; boat repairer
Boatswain ship's officer in charge of riggings & sails
Bobber polished metals; helped to unload fishing boats
Bobbin Carrier worked in spinning and weaving sections of the mills
Bobbin Turner made the bobbins used in the spinning and weaving industry
Bobby policeman usually of constable rank
Bodeys made bodices for women's garments
Bodger made wooden chair legs and spars
Body Maker made bodices for women's garments
Boiler Plater made rolled iron plate used to make boilers for steam engines etc
Boilermaker worked with metal in any industrial setting
Boll looked after power looms in the weaving industry
Bolter sifted meal
Bondager female worker on a farm who was bonded
Bondman bonded to a master for the purpose of learning a skill or trade
Bondsman stood bond or surety for another where a bond was required by law
Bone Button Turner made buttons using a lathe
Bone Lace Maker made pillow lace
Bone Mould Turner made the molds for button manufacturers
Bone Picker collected rags and bones aka Rag and Bone Man
Bonesetter set broken bones
Boniface Innkeeper
Book Gilder decorated books with gold leaf
Book Keeper looked after the accounts for businesses
Bookholder prompter in the theater
Bookman student
Boonmaster surveyor of roads with the responsibilities of maintaining and repairing the road
Boot Catcher servant at inn who pulled off traveler's boots
Boot Closer worked in the shoe trade stitching together all the parts of a shoe upper
Bootbinder employed to operate the machines which bound footware
Boothman corn merchant
Borler made cheap coarse clothing
Borsholder officer appointed by the manor or parish, constable. Bowyer - bowmaker
Botcher tailor or cobbler
Bottiler made leather containers for holding liquids
Bottle Boy pharmacists assistant
Bottler made leather containers for holding liquids
Bottom Knocker sagger makers assistant in the pottery industry
Bottom Maker molded the bottoms for saggers in the pottery industry
Bottomer worked down the pits moving the ore etc to the bottom of the shaft for removal
Bowdler worked with iron ore
Bower made bows used in archery
Bowker bleached yarn
Bowler made bowls and dishes; made the rounded part of spoons before casting
Bowlman dealer in crockery
Bowlminder in charge of the vats used for washing raw wool before processing
Bowlwoman dealer in crockery
Bowyer made bows used in archery
Boxer worked in the tinplate manufacturing industry
Bozzler parish constable
Brabener weaver
Brachygrapher shorthand writer
Braider made cord by twisting threads or strips of leather
Brailler made girdles
Brake(s)man operated the winch at the pit head; operated the braking mechanism on trains and trams
Branding Boy worked in the tinplate manufacturing industry
Brasiler dyer
Brazier brass worker
Brewster beer manufacturer
Brightsmith metal Worker
Broderer embroiderer
Broiderer embroiderer
Broom Squire broom maker
Broom-Dasher dealer in brooms
Brotherer embroiderer
Brow Girl female employed at the pit head
Browderer embroiderer
Brownsmith copper or brass smith
Buck Washer laundress
Buckle Tongue Maker made the metal points that go in the holes of a belt
Buckler made buckles
Bucklesmith made buckles
Buckram Maker worked with buckram (used in stiffening materials)
Buddleboy employed to use and maintain the vats used in the lead and tin mines for washing the ore
Buddler women and children who washed the ore at the copper mines
Buffalo Soldier soldier serving in a black regiment in the US Army in the West
Bullocky attended to the daily needs of cattle; lent a hand with general farm duties
Bullwhacker oxen driver
Bumboat Man met ships at anchor with goods for passengers and crew to purchase
Bummaree middle man between the wholesaler and the retailer at the fish markets
Bummer army deserter
Bundlers worked in the tinplate manufacturing industry
Bunter female rag & bone collector
Bureler made borel, a woollen cloth with a coarse feel
Burgess represented a borough at official levels
Burgonmaster mayor
Burl cup-bearer
Burler quality inspector for clothing
Burmaiden chambermaid or lady-in-waiting
Burneman carrier of barm or water for brewers
Burnisher metal polisher
Burye Man grave digger
Bushel Maker cooper
Busheler tailor's helper
Busker hair dresser and also a street entertainer
Buss Maker maker of guns
Butner button maker
Butter Carver made imprints in butter pats
Button Burnisher button polisher
Butty negotiated mining contracts and supplied the labor
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© 2000 Rhonda Stolte Darnell